In the hidden corners of St Albans’ history lies a remarkable deed—one dated March 17, 1702—that offers us a captivating glimpse into the everyday lives and monumental institutions of the past. This document records the granting of two houses on Cooke Rowe Street (now 37 High St Redbourne, Redbourn AL3 7LW) to John Midwinter, identified as a barber-surgeon, with the unassuming yet meaningful presence of witness William Babb. In uncovering this deed, I found myself drawn into a multi-layered narrative that connects local architectural marvels, the evolution of medical practice, and the quiet contributions of individuals who helped shape our community.
Cover Image: George Inn in 1905 courtesy of the St Albans Museums.
Before I go any further, I have to praise the St Albans Museums for finally answering the question, “If this building could talk?” This building has much to say, and you can hear its firsthand account here: The George | St Albans Museums. Now, on with the show!
The Deed and Its Archival Mystery
This 1702 deed isn’t just an administrative record; it’s a time capsule that tells a story of property transfer, urban development, and social hierarchy. The document remains a tantalizing piece of history—yet we do not have a widely available, high-resolution online copy of the original. However, we do have a transcription in The Herts genealogist and antiquities.
Modern English Translation:
On March 17, 1702, the Mayor of St Albans granted John Midwinter, a barber-surgeon, two houses along with their yards, gardens, and backyards. These properties were previously owned by William Martin, a farrier, and are now held by Widow Wildes and John Leonard, a tailor. The houses are located on Cooke Rowe street, situated between the George Inn and the Flower de Luce Inn. The property adjacent to the west belongs to John Cooke, a tailor.
The lease agreement allows John Midwinter to occupy the properties for 41 years, paying an annual rent of £3. The document is signed by John Midwinter and witnessed by Edmund Ayleward, Robert Whedbee, John Cheyne, and William Babb.
Barber-Surgeons: The Pioneers of Practical Medicine
John Midwinter, the party named in the deed, bore the title of barber-surgeon—a designation as common in his time as it is fascinating to us today. In an era when theoretical knowledge was the preserve of the university-educated physicians, practical medical care was largely dispensed by barber-surgeons. These dual practitioners performed a range of services that extended far beyond haircutting: they were responsible for bloodletting, leeching, wound treatment, and even surgical procedures like amputations. The famed red and white barber pole stands as an enduring symbol of this period, representing both the bloodshed and the bandages that defined their practice.
The role of the barber-surgeon reflects the resourceful and multifaceted nature of early modern healthcare. It was a time when science and necessity merged in surprising ways, creating a legacy that eventually led to the highly specialized fields we have today. This practical approach to healthcare reminds us that behind every grand historical narrative are the everyday efforts of those who met their communities’ needs with ingenuity and courage.
The George Inn: A Living Monument to St Albans’ Past
No conversation about St Albans’ storied history would be complete without mentioning The George Inn. Once a modest hostelry and a hub for travelers and merchants, The George Inn has steadily evolved over the centuries. Located near what once was a bustling marketplace, this iconic establishment was known in its early days by names like “The George & Dragon”—a nod to both heraldic symbols and the ideals of medieval chivalry.
Today, The George Inn stands as more than a relic of the past; it is an active public house that continues to serve as a communal gathering point and a living monument. The inn’s jettied ranges, ancient timber beams, and meticulously preserved architectural details invite patrons to imagine centuries of conversations, commerce, and camaraderie. The building is a testament not only to St Albans’ architectural heritage but also to the resilience and adaptability of its community institutions.
William Babb: More Than a Name on a Deed
We often focus on the grand events and prominent figures of history, yet sometimes it is the unheralded participants who add the deepest layers of intrigue. William Babb, a witness to the 1702 deed, embodies this truth. While his name may appear as a mere footnote in the document, Babb’s inclusion reminds us that history is constructed through the contributions of countless individuals, each playing a role in the community’s narrative.
Babb’s signature on the deed symbolizes the quiet yet essential participation of everyday citizens in the unfolding of local history. His involvement connects us to a time when every transaction, every signature, was a deliberate act that laid down the building blocks of the modern world. It is a reminder that the grand tapestry of history is interwoven with the personal threads of lives often overlooked by the annals of fame.
Reflecting on a Multifaceted Legacy
Interconnecting these seemingly disparate threads—the role of the barber-surgeon, the enduring presence of The George Inn, and the subtle yet profound contribution of William Babb—reveals a more nuanced understanding of our past. Each narrative enriches our collective heritage by highlighting how everyday experiences merged with monumental institutions and shifting professional roles. They challenge us to see history not only as a series of grand events but also as an ever-present influence in our current environment.
For those who walk the streets of St Albans today, these historical layers may not be immediately visible, but they resonate in the brick and mortar of ancient buildings and the subtle archiving of community memory. The evolution of professions and urban landscapes, as seen through this 1702 deed, compels us to ask: how have our social institutions transformed, and in what ways does our past still shape our local identity?
Looking Forward: Embracing and Exploring Our Past
The quest for original documents, the exploration of hidden narratives, and the passion for uncovering the everyday stories behind our landmarks are what keep our shared history alive. Whether you are an avid historian, a casual enthusiast, or a local resident curious about your town’s origins, there is always more to discover. How did the evolution from barber-surgeons to modern medical practitioners influence local healthcare practices? What other secrets do the ancient walls of The George Inn hide? And what might further investigation into archival records reveal about the lives of individuals like William Babb?
The Tree
William is #7 in the record below. He is a member of the Hertfordshire Pedigree (St Ablans 1569), which currently boasts 61 people. Note that this tree is still under construction as I work my way across Hertfordshire.
🌍 From Barbados to Hertfordshire—Tracing the Footsteps of the Past!